To claim credit, you must have attended the April 29 session.

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The ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice are based upon the medical tenets of relieving pain and suffering. But a closer look at pain and suffering reveals wide differences in definition, based on standard medical practices versus cultural and spiritual beliefs, and values. These varying perceptions among clinicians and their patients/families often lead to conflict in end-of-life scenarios and care. There is a need to broaden understanding of these principles with regard to providing optimal end of life care and to learn how to more effectively negotiate the conflicts arising from these different interpretations. Conflicts around these issues result in distress among all the players: patients, families and health-care providers. When family members, including guardians and health-care agents, request that providers continue treatment that the providers consider ineffective, harmful or inappropriate, it leads to intractable conflicts and requests for ethics consults. This session will highlight these issues.